运维管理 ·

Linux 下源码编译安装 MariaDB 10 数据库

320 0 0

1 禁用 SELinux和NetworkManager

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
#关闭selinux 备份selinux config文件
[root@work232 ~]# \cp /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config.backup
#把SELINUX=enforcing 改为 SELINUX=disabled
[root@work232 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
#查看selinux状态
[root@work232 ~]# getenforce
#临时生效
[root@work232 ~]# setenforce
[root@work232 ~]# service NetworkManager stop     #停止NetworkManager 服务
[root@work232 ~]# chkconfig NetworkManager off    #禁止开机启动NetworkManager服务

2 MariaDB 编译源码所需的工具和库

1
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel cmake perl

3  新增Mariadb用户组

1
[root@work232 /]# groupadd mysql

4 创建用户 设置不允许登陆系统 -M不创建家目录,/dev/null 首先表示标准输出重定向到空设备文件

1
[root@work232 /]# useradd -M mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /dev/null -g mysql

5 新建Mariadb安装目录,并设置权限

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[root@work232 /]# mkdir -p /webserver/mariadb56                      # MariaDB安装目录
[root@work232 /]# mkdir -p /data/logs/ mariadb56log                  # 日志目录        
[root@work232 /]# mkdir -p /data/binlog/mariadb56                    # 二进值目录
[root@work232 /]# mkdir -p /data/data_center/mariadb56               # 数据库安装目录
[root@work232 /]# mkdir -p /data/temp/mariadb56                      # 缓存目录
[root@work232 /]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/temp/mariadb56
[root@work232 /]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/binlog/mariadb56/
[root@work232 /]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/data_center/mariadb56

6 编译安装 jemalloc-4.5.0.tar.bz2

1
2
3
4
5
6
[root@work232 /]# wget https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc/releases/download/4.5.0/jemalloc-4.5.0.tar.bz2
[root@work232 /]# tar xjf jemalloc-4.5.0.tar.bz2
[root@work232 /]# cd jemalloc-4.5.0
[root@work232 jemalloc-4.5.0]# LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib -lrt" ./configure
[root@work232 jemalloc-4.5.0]# make -j 2 && make install
[root@work232 jemalloc-4.5.0]# unset LDFLAGS

7 注意: 64位系统 用这个

1
[root@work232 jemalloc-4.5.0]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libjemalloc.so.2 /usr/lib64/libjemalloc.so.1

8 注意: 32位系统 用这个

1
[root@work232 jemalloc-4.5.0]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libjemalloc.so.2 /usr/lib/libjemalloc.so.1

9 运行程序时可能会报找不到库 将jemalloc的库加载到系统中

1
2
[root@work232 jemalloc-4.5.0]# echo '/usr/local/lib' >/etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf
[root@work232 jemalloc-4.5.0]# ldconfig

10 编译安装 libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz

1
2
3
4
5
[root@work232 /]# wget https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.1.8-stable/libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz
[root@work232 /]# tar zxvf libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz
[root@work232 libevent-2.1.8-stable]# cd libevent-2.1.8-stable
[root@work232 tmux-2.3]# ./configure
[root@work232 tmux-2.3]# make -j 2 && make install

11 编译安装 tmux-2.3.tar.gz

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
[root@work232 /]# wget https://github.com/tmux/tmux/releases/download/2.3/tmux-2.3.tar.gz
[root@work232 /]# tar zxvf tmux-2.3.tar.gz
[root@work232 /]# cd tmux-2.3
[root@work232 tmux-2.3]# CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib" ./configure
[root@work232 tmux-2.3]# make -j 2 && make install
[root@work232 tmux-2.3]# unset LDFLAGS
# 注意: 64位系统 用这个
[root@work232 tmux-2.3]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5 /usr/lib64/libevent-2.0.so.5
# 注意: 32位系统 用这个
[root@work232 tmux-2.3]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5 /usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5

12 下载 MariaDB 源码包并解压

官网下载网址 https://downloads.mariadb.org/

1
2
3
[root@work232 /]# wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/mariadb-10.0.30/source/mariadb-10.0.30.tar.gz
[root@work232 /]# tar zxvf mariadb-10.0.30.tar.gz
[root@work232 /]# cd mariadb-10.0.30

13 MariDB编译参数说明

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/webserver/mariadb56   #安装路径
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/binlog/mariadb56        #数据库文件存放位置
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc                             #my.cnf路径
#下面5个是数据库存储引擎设备                        
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                #支持 MyIASM 存储引擎
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1              #支持 InnoDB 存储引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1               #支持 ARCHIVE引擎
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1             #支持 BLACKHOLE引擎
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1             #安装支持数据库分区
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                #支持 Memory 存储引擎
-DWITH_ZLIB=system                            # 启用libz库支持（zib、gzib相关）
-DWITH_READLINE=1                             # 快捷键功能(我没用过)
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/temp/mariadb56/mysql_3306.sock #连接数据库socket路径
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306                         #端口
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1                      #允许从本地导入数据
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all                          #安装所有的字符集
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8                        #默认字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci           #默认字符校对
-DINSTALL_SBINDIR=sbin                        #指向可执行文件目录（prefix/sbin）
-DINSTALL_PLUGINDIR=lib/mysql/plugin          #指向插件目录（prefix/lib/mysql/plugin）
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=share/man                    #指向man文档目录（prefix/share/man）
-DINSTALL_SHAREDIR=share                      #指向aclocal/mysqlm4安装目录（prefix/share
-DINSTALL_LIBDIR=lib/mysql                    #指向对象代码库目录（prefix/lib/mysql）
-DINSTALL_INCLUDEDIR=include/mysql            #指向头文件目录（prefix/include/mysql）
-DINSTALL_INFODIR=share/info                  #指向info文档存放目录（prefix/share/info）
-DWITH_DEBUG=0                                #调试模式
-DWITH_SSL=yes                                # SSL支持

14 开始编译安装 MariaDB 10.0.30

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/webserver/mariadb56  \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/data_center/mariadb56 \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=OFF \
-DWITH_ZLIB=system \
-DENABLED_PROFILING=ON \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS='-ljemalloc'          #这个是之前安装过的 jemalloc 优化内存
make -j 2 && make install                      #等半小时后或者更长,这个和电脑配置有关

15 建立开机启动配置文件

1
[root@work232 mariadb-10.0.30]# /bin/cp /webserver/mariadb56/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

16 修改启动文件安装路径

1
[root@work232 mariadb-10.0.30]# sed -i "s@^basedir=.*@basedir=/webserver/mariadb56@" /etc/init.d/mysqld

17 修改数据库数据路径

1
[root@work232 mariadb-10.0.30]# sed -i "s@^datadir=.*@datadir==/data/data_center/mariadb56@" /etc/init.d/mysqld

18 设置启动文件权限

1
[root@work232 mariadb-10.0.30]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

19 添加开机启动

1
2
[root@work232 mariadb-10.0.30]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@work232 mariadb-10.0.30]# chkconfig mysqld on

20 生成配置文件 my.cnf

注意:下面配置可能有错,希望那位大神帮忙指点一下 QQ:2016571396,小白这里只能提供您参考一下~~!

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4
 
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /webserver/mariadb56
datadir = /data/data_center/mariadb56
pid-file = /data/temp/mariadb56/mysql.pid
tmpdir = /data/temp/mariadb56
slave-load-tmpdir = /data/data_center/mariadb56
log_error = /data/logs/ mariadb56log/mariadb_error.log
#secure-file-priv = /webserver/mariadb56/uploads
 
#慢查询
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 2
log-queries-not-using-indexes
slow_query_log_file = /data/logs/ mariadb56log/mariadb_slow.log
 
log-slow-admin-statements = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1
log-bin-trust-function-creators = 1
 
#init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
#character-set-server = utf8
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
symbolic-links = 0
#lower_case_table_names = 1
performance_schema = 0
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
#开启查询缓存
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
 
#消耗系统IO 内存等
#log-output = FILE
#general_log = off
#general_log_file = /data/logs/mariadb56log/general.log
 
##^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^主从同步相关设置开始^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^##
server-id = 10
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_size = 1G
max-binlog-cache-size = 2G
max-relay-log-size = 1G
log_bin = /data/binlog/mariadb56/MariaDB-Bin
binlog_format = mixed
log_bin_index = /data/binlog/mariadb56/Binlog.index
expire_logs_days = 90
 
#skip-locking
#禁止外网
skip-networking
#禁止域名解析
skip-name-resolve
#skip-grant-tables
#禁止锁定
skip-external-locking
skip_show_database
skip_symbolic_links
 
back_log = 300
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
#表缓存数
table_open_cache = 128
binlog_cache_size = 1M
#最大表量
max_heap_table_size = 256M
tmp_table_size = 16M
#根据物理内存设置规则如下：1G=8 ; 2G=16; 3G=32; 3G>= =64
thread_cache_size = 8
open-files-limit=8192
#排序缓冲
sort_buffer_size=256M
 
#启动高速缓存
query_cache_type = 1
#查询缓存 很少有相同的查询，最好不要使用查询缓存
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 2M
 
flush_time = 0
#连续缓冲
join_buffer_size = 16M
 
group_concat_max_len=2048000
table_definition_cache = 1400
 
ft_min_word_len = 4
#预读缓冲
read_buffer_size = 2M
#次缓冲
read_rnd_buffer_size = 64M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 1MB
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
#索引缓冲 比较理想的设置：Key_blocks_used / (Key_blocks_unused + Key_blocks_used) * 100% ≈ 80%
key_buffer_size=64M
 
#default-storage-engine = MyISAM
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
#参数的配置在物理内存的70％－80％之间
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
#InnoDB 使用后台线程处理数据页上写 I/O（输入）请求的数量
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
#InnoDB 使用后台线程处理数据页上读 I/O（输出）请求的数量
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
#日志缓冲池,控制在8M-16M即可
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
#InnoDB 日志文件的大小
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
#控制了 Dirty Page 在 Buffer Pool 中所占的比率
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
#缓冲区刷新到磁盘时，刷新脏页数量,ssd磁盘，或做了raid后，可将此值设置较大
innodb_io_capacity = 200
innodb_adaptive_flushing = OFF
 
innodb_autoextend_increment = 64
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_concurrency_tickets = 5000
innodb_old_blocks_time = 1000
innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0
 
#*** MyISAM Specific options
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
 
#导入大的sql文件的方法
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800
connect_timeout = 20
#单数据包
max_allowed_packet = 500M
#thread_concurrency = 8
 
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
 
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 500M
 
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

21 建立初始化数据库,64位系统必须指定目录

1
[root@work232mariadb-10.0.30]#/webserver/mariadb56/scripts/mysql_install_db--user=mysql--basedir=/webserver/mariadb56 --datadir=/data/data_center/mariadb56

22 设置 my.cnf 权限 为 600 防止黑客攻击

1
2
3
[root@work232 mariadb]# chown mysql.mysql /etc/my.cnf
[root@work232 mariadb]# chmod 600 /etc/my.cnf
[root@work232 mariadb]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/data_center/mariadb56

23 启动数据库服务

1
[root@work232 mariadb-10.0.30]# service mysqld start

24 设置MariaDB加入PATH路径环境变量

1
2
3
[root@work232 mariadb]# vim /etc/profile                    # 修改export PATH= 在最下面添加
export PATH=/webserver/mariadb/bin:$PATH            # 如果有多个路径请用 英文分号(;) 隔开
[root@work234 mariadb]# source /etc/profile                 # 使/etc/profile里的配置立即生效

25 修改MySQL用户root的密码

1
2
3
4
5
6
#删除默认 test数据库
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "drop database test;"
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "delete from mysql.user WHERE USER='root' AND HOST='::1';"
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "delete from mysql.user where Host='localhost' AND User='';"
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "delete from mysql.user where Host='$host' AND User='';"
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "update mysql.user set host='%' where host='$host' AND User='root';"

26 删除默认的数据库和用户

1
2
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "delete from mysql.proxies_priv where Host!='localhost';"
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "delete from mysql.db where User='';"

27 修改 root 用户名为 fooher.com

1
2
3
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "update mysql.user set user='www.fooher.com' where User='root';"
# 修改密码-127.0.0.1
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "grant all privileges on *.* to fooher.com @'127.0.0.1' identified by \"www.fooher.com\" with grant option;"

28 修改密码

1
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "grant all privileges on *.* to fooher.com@'localhost' identified by \"www.fooher.com\" with grant option;"

29 添加用户远程访问

1
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "grant all privileges on *.* to fooher.com@'%' identified by \"www.fooher.com\" with grant option;"

30  刷新数据库

1
[root@work232 mariadb] mysql -uroot -e "flush privileges;"

31 删除默认测试数据库文件

1
2
[root@work232 mariadb] rm -rf "/webserver/mariadb56/data"
[root@work232 mariadb] rm -rf "/webserver/mariadb56/mysql-test"

32 添加 MariaDB 到系统库中

1
2
3
[root@work232 mariadb] "/webserver/mariadb56/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mariadb.conf
[root@work232 mariadb] ldconfig    #刷新动态库配置
[root@work234 mariadb]# reboot     # 最好重启一下系统

到此 MariaDB 数据库安装完成 By 运维天涯

除特别注明外，本站所有文章均为运维天涯原创，转载请注明出处来自https://www.fooher.com/20170506_98.html

赞一下
  • 0 个人已赞
上一篇

下一篇

相关文章

评论已关闭